Semester 1

• [MTI-101] [6 ECTS] Linguistics for Translators (English Language)
  The aim of Linguistics for Translators (English language) course is to enable students to improve linguistic competence in English language and to refresh, reinforce and revise theoretical linguistic concepts which are applicable to the discipline of translation. It is specifically designed for students to whom English is a second or third language. This course will give an insight into the target language linguistic structures from the translator’s perspective. This course also aims to study a language and compare various transferable linguistic skills from source language into the target language. This course will revise and introduce concepts in Applied Linguistics which translators will find helpful in their professional practice. Areas covered include morphology, syntax, lexicology, semantic fields, word combinations, cohesion and textual analysis Throughout the course, examples will be given of how an understanding of English language structure informs the translation process.
• [MTI-103] [6 ECTS] Translation for Specific Purposes
  This course addresses issues related to translation and interpretation within a specific professional field. It is the translation equivalent of the well-established subject of ESP (English for Specific Purposes). The course aims to combine theory and practice to approach translation from the point of view of ‘real world’ professional contexts where technical and specialized terminology needs to be rendered from one language to another. It aims to serve as an introductory course concerning the issues and possible translation strategies to be adopted in translating specialized texts. The course will introduce some of the specialized vocabulary of law and regulation, business and finance, industrial and IT technology with the aim of enhancing students’ terminological resources. Particular attention will be paid to legal terminology from English into the target language and vice versa. The course will proceed through theoretical discussion of different translation contexts and social environments alongside practical translation of authentic texts, which will serve to illustrate the issues involved. A typical class session will include presentation and discussion of readings from the required texts as well as focused exercises and peer editing with comparison and analysis of the translated texts and documents.
• [MTI-301] [6 ECTS] Research Methods in Translation Studies
  This course aims to train and prepare students for advanced research in translation studies, specifically for their Master thesis, which is the point of completion for the MA programme in Translation and Interpretation. This module aims to prepare the students to research and write an MA dissertation or Project Commentary in translating/interpreting studies. They will learn how to use a range of research methods and library search tools. The students will also learn about the specific chapter-by-chapter features of dissertations. This course will equip students with the skills necessary to research and write an MA thesis on translation. It will offer supportive instruction in MA thesis preparation and writing. It will also suggest areas of the field of Translation Studies where current research is being undertaken. It will allow space also for an introduction to comparative translation analysis through the comparative evaluation of classic translations and the commentary which has evolved on these as one possible avenue of enquiry for the MA thesis.
• [6 ECTS] Electice course
  • [EMTI-101-I] German Language 1
    This course features an expansion of fundamental communicative competences in the areas of listening, speaking, reading, and writing into more complex conversational settings and types of texts. Participants learn to express intentions, to present arguments, to generalize, and to make comparisons in order to master linguistically more formal settings such as the pursuit of studies, discussions, and presentations. Students are encouraged to compose and translate to and from more complex texts as part of a general strengthening of language competencies.In addition to this, within the course there will be different kinds of translated texts from German newspapers and magazines in Albanian and Macedonian language and vice versa. The translated texts will be chosen by the students themselves as well as important texts dealing with students’ and problems of universities. The translated texts from German to Albanian and Macedonian language will be analyzed. Thanks to these exercises the students will also expand their vocabulary of the German language. Student language competence according to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) will be at levels B1.1 and B1.2.
  • [EMTI-101-II] German Language 2
    This course begins with a consolidation of previous intermediate-level skills and knowledge and then proceeds to more demanding grammatical structures such as the subjunctive, different types of sentence connections, and the corresponding conjunctions. The students’ stylistic abilities will be expanded by means of the composition of different texts, whereby they will familiarize themselves with diverse textual types and structures. Participants will improve their speaking abilities through giving oral presentations. For enhanced reading comprehension, more demanding texts with socio-cultural information and basic literary pieces will be used. In addition to this, within the course there will be different kinds of translated texts from German into Albanian / Macedonian language and vice versa. These texts will be authentic and will include: journalistic writing, official legal and business documents, technical and scientific texts as well as a some creative and literary writing. The module aims to strengthen language skills in order to achieve greater proficiency in translation tasks. Student language competence according to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) will be at levels B1.2 and B2.1.
  • [EMTI-101-III] German Language 3
    This course encompasses an expansion of linguistic abilities on a high level by means of journalistic, literary, and academic texts. It uses learning techniques through which the student will be able to comprehend and work with more complex kinds of texts. Participants will gain familiarity with the fundamentals of academic writing and work on improving their stylistic expressive capabilities. The strategies that are thus acquired will enable the student to express him- or herself regarding diverse aspects of political, cultural, and social life in discussions and presentations in a comprehensive and coherent fashion. At the Advanced level, the workbooks are used as basic material aimed at consolidating grammatical abilities. Beyond this, students and their teachers work primarily with authentic text material. In addition, the course will introduce students to advanced stylistic aspects of translation, primarily from German to the students’ mother tongue. At this stage, students will be expected to show a high level of aptitude in finding word and structural equivalence in written texts and also to show competence in interpretation of spoken German. Student language competence according to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) will be at levels B2.2 and C1.1. Topics: Work and studies: organisation and communication – time and spending time: hobbies, books and sports – events and news, TV and crime stories – technology, inventions and trends – environment and health, diet and sports, noise and sleep – communication: small talk, statements, nonverbal communication – positive and negative feelings. Structures: Subjunctive II (all tenses, with modal verbs, original form of some strong verbs) – Verbs with accusative, dative and prepositions – transformation of prepositional expressions into subordinate clauses and vice-versa – reported speech: using sollen and subjunctive I – noun-verb connections – passive and passive substitutes – double comparative аnd extended participles – linked clauses.
  • [MTI-303] Translation Technologies
    This course will enable students to use a range of commercial CAT (Computer Assisted Translation) tools in the practical tasks of terminology management, translation of documentation, software localization and project management as well as to export and import translations and terminology between different applications. This course also aims to enable students to participate in and coordinate multilingual translation projects, and design and advise on appropriate production methods for internationalized websites. By engaging the students with a variety of computer-assisted translation tools, this module allows them to develop not only practical expertise but also a critical faculty for evaluating their relative merits. To simulate the professional environment, the module is organized largely around team projects covering a range of languages that present different linguistic and technical challenges, including the target languages in the region, such as Macedonian, Albanian, English and German. The module assessment focuses on a critical appraisal of the usefulness and usability of the tools and the ability to work effectively in a multilingual translation team.
  • [EMTI-103] European Union Institutions and Budgeting
    The course aims to familiarize students with the basic notion of functioning of EU institutions, theories of EU integration, with practices of the EU institutions and decision-making processes of the EU, with special focus on fiscal policy and budgeting of the EU Member States. The course will also emphasize the importance of creating long-term budget framework that establishes a legitimate and efficient allocation of public goods and services. The course will be focused on the budget structure of the EU Member States, and will particularly analyze the central government policies and the distribution of the resources among various financial levels of government within the Union. Moreover, within the above mentioned framework, the course program will consider the status and fiscal policy reforms of the Republic of Macedonia. Considering the Academic Calendar of the current teaching/learning year the course is foreseen to be realized up to 12 to 14 weeks, the course will include the following topics: - The institutions of the European Union and its predecessors ; - EU as a unique arena for movement and development (or maybe not); - Theories of European Integration; - Establishing policies for EU development; - Issues of Globalization, Europeanization and Democratic legitimacy; - Single market policy and EU enlargement process; - The Fiscal Policy of EU; - The impact of fiscal policy on the EU Member States; - The impact of fiscal policy on the process of EU enlargement; - Institutional and fiscal policy harmonization of Macedonia (pathway to EU membership); - The status of Macedonia and challenges of fiscal policy on Macedonia's pathway to EU membership.
  • [EMTI-104] Legal, Business and Technical Translation
    Students are expected to improve their understanding of basic principles of text analysis and some popular theories related to translation of specific texts from the field of law, business and science. They are also expected to identify and determine the best translation strategies for specific professional purposes. Through practical work on different types of texts, they are expected to be able to apply their theoretical knowledge of translation theory and practice for improving their analytical skills and understanding of all factors that influence the translation of specific texts. The course will focus on a number of text-analysis focused projects through which students will be introduced to basic conceptual and practical issues in translation of texts from the field of law, business and science. The course will help students to identify different types of source texts, build up their skills in text analysis and help them to choose correct strategies when translating different texts from the aforementioned fields. Through project-based exercises, students will be provided with opportunities to improve their analytical skills and understanding and of all factors that affect the translation of source texts from the specific fields into target language.
  • [EMTI-105] European Union Integration and Enlargement
    Aims of the course program: - To learn and understand the different law theories of the European Union by analyzing the main theories of European law; - The ability to analyze the importance and the application of the theories about the European Union in practice as well as in the implementation of EU policies through the law of the EU i.e. through the formal, legal and positive sources of EU law. - Knowing and understanding the roles of the 28 member states in decision making in the inter-governmental institutions of the EU and the supranational/community institutions of the EU as a material source of EU law. - Historical review of the development of the law in the EU from the primary ideas about European integration to the basic agreements (ECSC, EEC and Euroatom, the EU agreements from Maastricht, Amsterdam, Nice and Lisbon) and their analysis through the daily work of the EU.
  • [EMTI-106] Intercultural Communication
    This is an interdisciplinary course which builds on the emerging academic field of Inter-Cultural Communication in order to equip translators and interpreters with concepts which will help them negotiate cultural, as well as linguistic, ‘foreigness’ or ‘difference’. The course is based on the insights of cultural anthropology, sociology, media studies, critical and cultural theory and cultural studies. It aims to explore such concepts as: scapegoating, ‘the Other’, victimhood, racial stereotyping, nations and nationalism with a view towards fostering a tolerant and open approach in translation practice. It further aims to enhance students’ appreciation of cultural nuance and cultural specificity in their translation work. In this course, students will be introduced to key concepts, issues and controversies concerning multiculturalism as these impact upon the work of translators and interpreters. They will learn how to understand and negotiate cultural nuance in the target language as this applies to cultural taboos and interdictions and they will study how to find cultural equivalents for words and concepts which cannot be readily conveyed into the target language (eg. expressions using cricketing terminology in English). In order to facilitate these specific skills, students will be introduced to ideas of cultural difference from the perspective of scholarship in multicultural education and intercultural co-operation. This will enable students to show flexibility and respect in working in the field of interpretation and to anticipate culturally sensitive topics, words and concepts. It will also encourage the cultural curiosity and the capacity for cultural enquiry necessary for translation tasks.
  • [EMTI-107] Internship
    This module aims to give MA Translation/Interpretation students with little or no previous translation work experience the opportunity to work in a professional translation/interpretation environment in a supported way so that students can review their professional progress by reflecting on, and critically documenting their experiences. The course will facilitate the placement of students with an actual translation service provider whether this be with private companies, governmental institutes or international conferences for them to acquire first-hand experience of translation operations and practice. Students will thus acquire the skills, techniques and working methodologies needed for work as a translator or interpreter. For each individual student, the contents of the course will vary depending on the type of work environment in which they do the internship. However, it is anticipated that all students will encounter similar challenges of a practical nature, including: working to deadlines, working as a team, prioritization and time-management, IT skills, organizational skills. Students will be required to keep a day-to-day record of their internship (in a Work Diary or Log-Book) so that they critically reflect on their daily activities. In addition, they must write a Self-Reflection paper which links some of the theoretical concepts they have encountered in their courses to the actual workplace.
  • [MIC-303] Globalization and New Media
    The course focuses on the development of those communication skills and techniques that are essential for effective functioning in the era of globalization. Students will elaborate the process of globalization, social, political, economic and cultural aspects of modern phenomenon, the consequences and impacts in the communication sphere marked as an era of postmodernism, particularly the impact of new social media, their structure, Multilanguage functions of social networks, the effects and consequences in the modern world communication realities.
  • [MTI-102] Methods and Approaches to Translation Studies
    The aim of this module is to serve as an introduction to the theoretical issues relevant to translation. The following areas will be covered in the course: types of translation; limitations of inter-lingual equivalence, general translation problems, evaluating a translation. Specific approaches to the translation of general, literary and subject-specific texts will also be considered. With regard to this, a number of different English language text-types will be studied aiming to facilitate the production of fluent translation in various genres. The course Methods and Approaches to Translation Studies will combine theory and practice to approach translation in all its complexity, as both an art and a science. In reading, discussion and practice, as well as presentations, we will draw on theoretical perspectives in order to illuminate and facilitate the practice of translation. The course will include comparative evaluation of translated works in order to give students insight into how translation methods can enhance the translated documents.
  • [MTI-201] Linguistics for Translators (Albanian/Macedonian Language)
    This course aims to study sound patterns, word formation, sentence structure, meaning, and language use in the students’ mother tongue. It also aims to explain how languages work, how languages interact, how language is acquired, and how languages change. This course will help students understand how lexical and grammatical patterns are directly related to content and style; how writers and speakers communicate their attitudes and opinions; and how contextual factors affect the production and reception of translation and interpretation. This course develops students’ linguistic skills in their mother tongue, Albanian or Macedonian. It will revise and introduce concepts in Applied Linguistics which translators will find helpful in their professional practice. Throughout the module examples will be given of how an understanding of the way in which languages work informs the translation process with a specific emphasis on the linguistic features of Albanian / Macedonian languages.
  • [MTI-202] Simultaneous/Consecutive Interpretation
    This course aims to enable students to interpret consecutively and simultaneously from Albanian/Macedonian into English and vice versa. It also aims to produce competent translation of speeches, public discussions, lectures of varied duration and of concerning different topics. The students will acquire note-taking skills and other memory aids for effective consecutive interpretation and they will show developed skills of memorization and analytical abilities in dealing with extended interpretation tasks. This course introduces students to interpretation methods in both consecutive and simultaneous modes. It will develop listening skills, memory skills, note-taking skills and analytical skills and will provide practice in interpretation in a simulated environment of conference/seminar interpretation. The emphasis will be on practice of interpretation in an authentic interpretation environment with speed and accuracy of translation being assessed and analyzed.
  • [MTI-302] Translating for the European Union and International Organizations
    This course aims to provide students with a sound understanding of the language policy of major international organizations like the EU or UN. It will provide students with a basic knowledge of the history, political ethos and functioning of major organizations as well as an appreciation of their procedural norms. One of the focuses of the course will be on translation protocol and how translators need to adapt to institutional standards and practices. A secondary aim of the course will be to examine the complexities of translating legislative texts through learning the specific terminology used in international organizations. It will also assist students who may wish to conduct research in the field of translation for international organizations. This course will examine how major international organizations function in terms of their translation needs. It will examine the work of the Directorate-General for Translation which services the translation needs of the European Union. It will also examine the work of equivalent bodies within major international organizations such as the United Nations, International Monetary Fund, World Bank and UNESCO. It will examine the history and the reasons of the foundation of such organizations in order to explain the specifics of translation for them. It will further examine the specific language of law and legislation used by such bodies and it will explore the classification of international organizations as well as their role and function in global politics.
  • [MTI-203] Contrastive Analysis
    The aim of this course is to introduce students to the concepts and principles of contrastive analysis and error analysis—both theoretical and applied. The course is designed to enhance the students’ awareness of differences between languages, in particular of Albanian/Macedonian and English. Topics will include an overview and introduction to terminological and research issues; the psychological basis of contrastive analysis; linguistic theory and contrastive analysis; sources of errors; the description and levels of errors; errors and second language acquisition strategies; and contrastive/error analysis and language teaching. This course will study contrastive analysis as a general approach to the investigation of language, particularly as carried on in certain areas of applied linguistics, such as foreign language teaching and translation where the points of structural difference between two languages are identified, and these are then studied as areas of potential difficulty in foreign language learning and translation. The course will provide an in-depth exploration of contrastive analysis and will assess its role in theoretical and applied linguistics and as a tool for translators in their working practice. It gives insight into how linguistic features behave cross-linguistically, with an emphasis on the language pairs Albanian/Macedonian and English.
  • [MFE01] Rhetoric
    During its long history of 2,500 years, rhetoric was used to indicate many different things; but rhetoric nowadays is considered as the art of persuasion through language. Rhetoric marks the way that an individual is linked to a particular theme or idea in order to convince the others. Rhetoric is characterized by several distinguishing features.
  • [MFE02] Multilingualism and Multiculturalism
    The purpose of this subject will be multilingualism in multicultural societies as a social phenomenon. This phenomenon is massive in the world. During the lectures, more precise terms such as monoculturalism and multiculturalism will be considered. The term ‘linguistic nationalism’ has at least two forms of this nationalism, which collide with each other: for the leaders of the most powerful countries nationalism means expansion, and for minorities it takes the form of defiance and struggle for the affirmation of identity, despite such pressure. The emphasis during the program will be multiculturalism in education. In the schools curricula consists of contents from different cultures.
  • [MFE05] Professional Communication
    The course is focused on the development of those communication skills that are essential for effective functioning in the professional world. Students will study the process for analysis of different communication situations, and will accordingly comprehend them. Among the themes that will be covered are communication in organization, interpersonal and group communication, oral presentations, interviews for employment, professional business letters and interpersonal skills including group dynamics and teamwork.
  • [MFE11] Project Management
    On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: - plan the activities necessary to implement the project, identify their interdependencies, their duration and costs; - prepare the necessary reports and perform all the required communication between the project and the client, as well as among the team members and the other stakeholders. - structure the project to its constituent activities; - prepare a Gantt-chart and a network plan for the project and identify the shortest time needed to complete the project; - use MS Project as a tool in the process of planning, implementation and review of the project; - define the project, identify its scope and objectives and develop project specification;
  • [MFE12] Optimization Methods
    The aim of this course is to present techniques of modeling and optimization in order to prepare students for developing their ability to prepare models for solving real problems in the field of computer science. The course explore the importance of matrix factorizations as an important tool which offers modality for optimizing the solutions of different numerical algorithms which are of basic interest for problem solving in the area computer sciences. The course introduces optimization theory and approach to find the optimum. The different methods of optimization will be analyzed such as the simplex method, duality problem and sensitivity of the problems of linear programming. The aim is to explore a computer implementation for each of the problems followed by the proposal of the corresponding model for optimization.
  • [MFE13] Ethical and Legal Issues in Information Technology(IT)
    Aims of the course program: - to develop an understanding of the relationship between computing, technological change, society and the law; - to emphasize the powerful role that computers and computer professionals play in a technological society; - to provide an understanding of legal areas which are relevant to the discipline of computing; - to provide an understanding of ethical concepts that are important to computer users and professionals; - to provide experience in the consideration of ethical matters and the resolution of ethical dilemmas.
  • [MFE14] Protection of Human Rights
    The purpose of this course is: to introduce students with the concept of international law on human rights, their implementation, influence of those rights in the creation of national policies; to encourage students to critically reflect on the relationship between international law and national law; make them aware of current international events, how they affect the daily lives of people in the world; encourage students to contribute in matters of drafting laws for the protection of human rights hoping that, the law makers will consult them same during the creation and implementation of state policies.
  • [MFE15] IT Applications for Preparing a Scientific Paper
    The aim of this subject is: - To display the technical elements, the structure of the text and design of a scientific research. - To enable students to acquire advanced knowledge and skills from selected advanced chapters of IT applications that will be needed in preparing the scientific and research paper. - Practical application of these objectives in preparing student’s individual research paper.
• [6 ECTS] Elective course
  • [EMTI-101-I] German Language 1
    This course features an expansion of fundamental communicative competences in the areas of listening, speaking, reading, and writing into more complex conversational settings and types of texts. Participants learn to express intentions, to present arguments, to generalize, and to make comparisons in order to master linguistically more formal settings such as the pursuit of studies, discussions, and presentations. Students are encouraged to compose and translate to and from more complex texts as part of a general strengthening of language competencies.In addition to this, within the course there will be different kinds of translated texts from German newspapers and magazines in Albanian and Macedonian language and vice versa. The translated texts will be chosen by the students themselves as well as important texts dealing with students’ and problems of universities. The translated texts from German to Albanian and Macedonian language will be analyzed. Thanks to these exercises the students will also expand their vocabulary of the German language. Student language competence according to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) will be at levels B1.1 and B1.2.
  • [EMTI-101-II] German Language 2
    This course begins with a consolidation of previous intermediate-level skills and knowledge and then proceeds to more demanding grammatical structures such as the subjunctive, different types of sentence connections, and the corresponding conjunctions. The students’ stylistic abilities will be expanded by means of the composition of different texts, whereby they will familiarize themselves with diverse textual types and structures. Participants will improve their speaking abilities through giving oral presentations. For enhanced reading comprehension, more demanding texts with socio-cultural information and basic literary pieces will be used. In addition to this, within the course there will be different kinds of translated texts from German into Albanian / Macedonian language and vice versa. These texts will be authentic and will include: journalistic writing, official legal and business documents, technical and scientific texts as well as a some creative and literary writing. The module aims to strengthen language skills in order to achieve greater proficiency in translation tasks. Student language competence according to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) will be at levels B1.2 and B2.1.
  • [EMTI-101-III] German Language 3
    This course encompasses an expansion of linguistic abilities on a high level by means of journalistic, literary, and academic texts. It uses learning techniques through which the student will be able to comprehend and work with more complex kinds of texts. Participants will gain familiarity with the fundamentals of academic writing and work on improving their stylistic expressive capabilities. The strategies that are thus acquired will enable the student to express him- or herself regarding diverse aspects of political, cultural, and social life in discussions and presentations in a comprehensive and coherent fashion. At the Advanced level, the workbooks are used as basic material aimed at consolidating grammatical abilities. Beyond this, students and their teachers work primarily with authentic text material. In addition, the course will introduce students to advanced stylistic aspects of translation, primarily from German to the students’ mother tongue. At this stage, students will be expected to show a high level of aptitude in finding word and structural equivalence in written texts and also to show competence in interpretation of spoken German. Student language competence according to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) will be at levels B2.2 and C1.1. Topics: Work and studies: organisation and communication – time and spending time: hobbies, books and sports – events and news, TV and crime stories – technology, inventions and trends – environment and health, diet and sports, noise and sleep – communication: small talk, statements, nonverbal communication – positive and negative feelings. Structures: Subjunctive II (all tenses, with modal verbs, original form of some strong verbs) – Verbs with accusative, dative and prepositions – transformation of prepositional expressions into subordinate clauses and vice-versa – reported speech: using sollen and subjunctive I – noun-verb connections – passive and passive substitutes – double comparative аnd extended participles – linked clauses.
  • [MTI-303] Translation Technologies
    This course will enable students to use a range of commercial CAT (Computer Assisted Translation) tools in the practical tasks of terminology management, translation of documentation, software localization and project management as well as to export and import translations and terminology between different applications. This course also aims to enable students to participate in and coordinate multilingual translation projects, and design and advise on appropriate production methods for internationalized websites. By engaging the students with a variety of computer-assisted translation tools, this module allows them to develop not only practical expertise but also a critical faculty for evaluating their relative merits. To simulate the professional environment, the module is organized largely around team projects covering a range of languages that present different linguistic and technical challenges, including the target languages in the region, such as Macedonian, Albanian, English and German. The module assessment focuses on a critical appraisal of the usefulness and usability of the tools and the ability to work effectively in a multilingual translation team.
  • [EMTI-103] European Union Institutions and Budgeting
    The course aims to familiarize students with the basic notion of functioning of EU institutions, theories of EU integration, with practices of the EU institutions and decision-making processes of the EU, with special focus on fiscal policy and budgeting of the EU Member States. The course will also emphasize the importance of creating long-term budget framework that establishes a legitimate and efficient allocation of public goods and services. The course will be focused on the budget structure of the EU Member States, and will particularly analyze the central government policies and the distribution of the resources among various financial levels of government within the Union. Moreover, within the above mentioned framework, the course program will consider the status and fiscal policy reforms of the Republic of Macedonia. Considering the Academic Calendar of the current teaching/learning year the course is foreseen to be realized up to 12 to 14 weeks, the course will include the following topics: - The institutions of the European Union and its predecessors ; - EU as a unique arena for movement and development (or maybe not); - Theories of European Integration; - Establishing policies for EU development; - Issues of Globalization, Europeanization and Democratic legitimacy; - Single market policy and EU enlargement process; - The Fiscal Policy of EU; - The impact of fiscal policy on the EU Member States; - The impact of fiscal policy on the process of EU enlargement; - Institutional and fiscal policy harmonization of Macedonia (pathway to EU membership); - The status of Macedonia and challenges of fiscal policy on Macedonia's pathway to EU membership.
  • [EMTI-104] Legal, Business and Technical Translation
    Students are expected to improve their understanding of basic principles of text analysis and some popular theories related to translation of specific texts from the field of law, business and science. They are also expected to identify and determine the best translation strategies for specific professional purposes. Through practical work on different types of texts, they are expected to be able to apply their theoretical knowledge of translation theory and practice for improving their analytical skills and understanding of all factors that influence the translation of specific texts. The course will focus on a number of text-analysis focused projects through which students will be introduced to basic conceptual and practical issues in translation of texts from the field of law, business and science. The course will help students to identify different types of source texts, build up their skills in text analysis and help them to choose correct strategies when translating different texts from the aforementioned fields. Through project-based exercises, students will be provided with opportunities to improve their analytical skills and understanding and of all factors that affect the translation of source texts from the specific fields into target language.
  • [EMTI-105] European Union Integration and Enlargement
    Aims of the course program: - To learn and understand the different law theories of the European Union by analyzing the main theories of European law; - The ability to analyze the importance and the application of the theories about the European Union in practice as well as in the implementation of EU policies through the law of the EU i.e. through the formal, legal and positive sources of EU law. - Knowing and understanding the roles of the 28 member states in decision making in the inter-governmental institutions of the EU and the supranational/community institutions of the EU as a material source of EU law. - Historical review of the development of the law in the EU from the primary ideas about European integration to the basic agreements (ECSC, EEC and Euroatom, the EU agreements from Maastricht, Amsterdam, Nice and Lisbon) and their analysis through the daily work of the EU.
  • [EMTI-106] Intercultural Communication
    This is an interdisciplinary course which builds on the emerging academic field of Inter-Cultural Communication in order to equip translators and interpreters with concepts which will help them negotiate cultural, as well as linguistic, ‘foreigness’ or ‘difference’. The course is based on the insights of cultural anthropology, sociology, media studies, critical and cultural theory and cultural studies. It aims to explore such concepts as: scapegoating, ‘the Other’, victimhood, racial stereotyping, nations and nationalism with a view towards fostering a tolerant and open approach in translation practice. It further aims to enhance students’ appreciation of cultural nuance and cultural specificity in their translation work. In this course, students will be introduced to key concepts, issues and controversies concerning multiculturalism as these impact upon the work of translators and interpreters. They will learn how to understand and negotiate cultural nuance in the target language as this applies to cultural taboos and interdictions and they will study how to find cultural equivalents for words and concepts which cannot be readily conveyed into the target language (eg. expressions using cricketing terminology in English). In order to facilitate these specific skills, students will be introduced to ideas of cultural difference from the perspective of scholarship in multicultural education and intercultural co-operation. This will enable students to show flexibility and respect in working in the field of interpretation and to anticipate culturally sensitive topics, words and concepts. It will also encourage the cultural curiosity and the capacity for cultural enquiry necessary for translation tasks.
  • [EMTI-107] Internship
    This module aims to give MA Translation/Interpretation students with little or no previous translation work experience the opportunity to work in a professional translation/interpretation environment in a supported way so that students can review their professional progress by reflecting on, and critically documenting their experiences. The course will facilitate the placement of students with an actual translation service provider whether this be with private companies, governmental institutes or international conferences for them to acquire first-hand experience of translation operations and practice. Students will thus acquire the skills, techniques and working methodologies needed for work as a translator or interpreter. For each individual student, the contents of the course will vary depending on the type of work environment in which they do the internship. However, it is anticipated that all students will encounter similar challenges of a practical nature, including: working to deadlines, working as a team, prioritization and time-management, IT skills, organizational skills. Students will be required to keep a day-to-day record of their internship (in a Work Diary or Log-Book) so that they critically reflect on their daily activities. In addition, they must write a Self-Reflection paper which links some of the theoretical concepts they have encountered in their courses to the actual workplace.
  • [MIC-303] Globalization and New Media
    The course focuses on the development of those communication skills and techniques that are essential for effective functioning in the era of globalization. Students will elaborate the process of globalization, social, political, economic and cultural aspects of modern phenomenon, the consequences and impacts in the communication sphere marked as an era of postmodernism, particularly the impact of new social media, their structure, Multilanguage functions of social networks, the effects and consequences in the modern world communication realities.
  • [MTI-102] Methods and Approaches to Translation Studies
    The aim of this module is to serve as an introduction to the theoretical issues relevant to translation. The following areas will be covered in the course: types of translation; limitations of inter-lingual equivalence, general translation problems, evaluating a translation. Specific approaches to the translation of general, literary and subject-specific texts will also be considered. With regard to this, a number of different English language text-types will be studied aiming to facilitate the production of fluent translation in various genres. The course Methods and Approaches to Translation Studies will combine theory and practice to approach translation in all its complexity, as both an art and a science. In reading, discussion and practice, as well as presentations, we will draw on theoretical perspectives in order to illuminate and facilitate the practice of translation. The course will include comparative evaluation of translated works in order to give students insight into how translation methods can enhance the translated documents.
  • [MTI-201] Linguistics for Translators (Albanian/Macedonian Language)
    This course aims to study sound patterns, word formation, sentence structure, meaning, and language use in the students’ mother tongue. It also aims to explain how languages work, how languages interact, how language is acquired, and how languages change. This course will help students understand how lexical and grammatical patterns are directly related to content and style; how writers and speakers communicate their attitudes and opinions; and how contextual factors affect the production and reception of translation and interpretation. This course develops students’ linguistic skills in their mother tongue, Albanian or Macedonian. It will revise and introduce concepts in Applied Linguistics which translators will find helpful in their professional practice. Throughout the module examples will be given of how an understanding of the way in which languages work informs the translation process with a specific emphasis on the linguistic features of Albanian / Macedonian languages.
  • [MTI-202] Simultaneous/Consecutive Interpretation
    This course aims to enable students to interpret consecutively and simultaneously from Albanian/Macedonian into English and vice versa. It also aims to produce competent translation of speeches, public discussions, lectures of varied duration and of concerning different topics. The students will acquire note-taking skills and other memory aids for effective consecutive interpretation and they will show developed skills of memorization and analytical abilities in dealing with extended interpretation tasks. This course introduces students to interpretation methods in both consecutive and simultaneous modes. It will develop listening skills, memory skills, note-taking skills and analytical skills and will provide practice in interpretation in a simulated environment of conference/seminar interpretation. The emphasis will be on practice of interpretation in an authentic interpretation environment with speed and accuracy of translation being assessed and analyzed.
  • [MTI-302] Translating for the European Union and International Organizations
    This course aims to provide students with a sound understanding of the language policy of major international organizations like the EU or UN. It will provide students with a basic knowledge of the history, political ethos and functioning of major organizations as well as an appreciation of their procedural norms. One of the focuses of the course will be on translation protocol and how translators need to adapt to institutional standards and practices. A secondary aim of the course will be to examine the complexities of translating legislative texts through learning the specific terminology used in international organizations. It will also assist students who may wish to conduct research in the field of translation for international organizations. This course will examine how major international organizations function in terms of their translation needs. It will examine the work of the Directorate-General for Translation which services the translation needs of the European Union. It will also examine the work of equivalent bodies within major international organizations such as the United Nations, International Monetary Fund, World Bank and UNESCO. It will examine the history and the reasons of the foundation of such organizations in order to explain the specifics of translation for them. It will further examine the specific language of law and legislation used by such bodies and it will explore the classification of international organizations as well as their role and function in global politics.
  • [MTI-203] Contrastive Analysis
    The aim of this course is to introduce students to the concepts and principles of contrastive analysis and error analysis—both theoretical and applied. The course is designed to enhance the students’ awareness of differences between languages, in particular of Albanian/Macedonian and English. Topics will include an overview and introduction to terminological and research issues; the psychological basis of contrastive analysis; linguistic theory and contrastive analysis; sources of errors; the description and levels of errors; errors and second language acquisition strategies; and contrastive/error analysis and language teaching. This course will study contrastive analysis as a general approach to the investigation of language, particularly as carried on in certain areas of applied linguistics, such as foreign language teaching and translation where the points of structural difference between two languages are identified, and these are then studied as areas of potential difficulty in foreign language learning and translation. The course will provide an in-depth exploration of contrastive analysis and will assess its role in theoretical and applied linguistics and as a tool for translators in their working practice. It gives insight into how linguistic features behave cross-linguistically, with an emphasis on the language pairs Albanian/Macedonian and English.
  • [MFE01] Rhetoric
    During its long history of 2,500 years, rhetoric was used to indicate many different things; but rhetoric nowadays is considered as the art of persuasion through language. Rhetoric marks the way that an individual is linked to a particular theme or idea in order to convince the others. Rhetoric is characterized by several distinguishing features.
  • [MFE02] Multilingualism and Multiculturalism
    The purpose of this subject will be multilingualism in multicultural societies as a social phenomenon. This phenomenon is massive in the world. During the lectures, more precise terms such as monoculturalism and multiculturalism will be considered. The term ‘linguistic nationalism’ has at least two forms of this nationalism, which collide with each other: for the leaders of the most powerful countries nationalism means expansion, and for minorities it takes the form of defiance and struggle for the affirmation of identity, despite such pressure. The emphasis during the program will be multiculturalism in education. In the schools curricula consists of contents from different cultures.
  • [MFE05] Professional Communication
    The course is focused on the development of those communication skills that are essential for effective functioning in the professional world. Students will study the process for analysis of different communication situations, and will accordingly comprehend them. Among the themes that will be covered are communication in organization, interpersonal and group communication, oral presentations, interviews for employment, professional business letters and interpersonal skills including group dynamics and teamwork.
  • [MFE11] Project Management
    On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: - plan the activities necessary to implement the project, identify their interdependencies, their duration and costs; - prepare the necessary reports and perform all the required communication between the project and the client, as well as among the team members and the other stakeholders. - structure the project to its constituent activities; - prepare a Gantt-chart and a network plan for the project and identify the shortest time needed to complete the project; - use MS Project as a tool in the process of planning, implementation and review of the project; - define the project, identify its scope and objectives and develop project specification;
  • [MFE12] Optimization Methods
    The aim of this course is to present techniques of modeling and optimization in order to prepare students for developing their ability to prepare models for solving real problems in the field of computer science. The course explore the importance of matrix factorizations as an important tool which offers modality for optimizing the solutions of different numerical algorithms which are of basic interest for problem solving in the area computer sciences. The course introduces optimization theory and approach to find the optimum. The different methods of optimization will be analyzed such as the simplex method, duality problem and sensitivity of the problems of linear programming. The aim is to explore a computer implementation for each of the problems followed by the proposal of the corresponding model for optimization.
  • [MFE13] Ethical and Legal Issues in Information Technology(IT)
    Aims of the course program: - to develop an understanding of the relationship between computing, technological change, society and the law; - to emphasize the powerful role that computers and computer professionals play in a technological society; - to provide an understanding of legal areas which are relevant to the discipline of computing; - to provide an understanding of ethical concepts that are important to computer users and professionals; - to provide experience in the consideration of ethical matters and the resolution of ethical dilemmas.
  • [MFE14] Protection of Human Rights
    The purpose of this course is: to introduce students with the concept of international law on human rights, their implementation, influence of those rights in the creation of national policies; to encourage students to critically reflect on the relationship between international law and national law; make them aware of current international events, how they affect the daily lives of people in the world; encourage students to contribute in matters of drafting laws for the protection of human rights hoping that, the law makers will consult them same during the creation and implementation of state policies.
  • [MFE15] IT Applications for Preparing a Scientific Paper
    The aim of this subject is: - To display the technical elements, the structure of the text and design of a scientific research. - To enable students to acquire advanced knowledge and skills from selected advanced chapters of IT applications that will be needed in preparing the scientific and research paper. - Practical application of these objectives in preparing student’s individual research paper.

Semester 2

• [MTI-400] [30 ECTS] Master Thesis
  After passing examinations, the student may begin the procedure of filing, making and public defence of thesis topic. The student chooses the mentor, who gives him instructions for preparation of the application of master theses. The application must be granted by the Graduate Studies Educational Collegium and the Scientific and Academic Council of the Faculty. After preparing the final version of Masters Thesis, Academic-Scientific Council of Faculty forms a three-member committee, which prepares the report, which is may be accepted or rejected. The positive report is approved by the Academic-Scientific Council and it is set the date of public defence. After successfully defending the thesis, the student gains the degree - Master in Translation and Interpretation.